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Malachite
IMA-Approved Mineral Species
Properties and Data
Physical Properties
Composition
Cu
2
(CO
3
)(OH)
2
Chemical Name
Copper (II) Carbonate Hydroxide
Molecular Weight
225.147 g/mol
Density
3.6 - 4.05 g/cm
3
Mohs Hardness
3.5 - 4
Member of
Rosasite Group
Crystal System
Monoclinic
Optical Properties
Type
Biaxial (-)
Refractive Index
n
α
= 1.655
n
β
= 1.875
n
γ
= 1.909
Dispersion Factor
Weak (Unknown)
Birefringence
δ = 0.25 - 0.254
Additional Information
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Production and Synthesis
Hydrothermal Method
Hydrothermal Method
Involves suspending a seed crystal into a high pressure / high temperature autoclave with liquid ingredients. Sometimes produces optics-grade ingots.
Evaporative Crystallization
Evaporative Crys.
A simple method of crystallization done by drying a solution until the solute concentration is high enough, and it crystallizes into a solid.
Recrystallization
Recrystallization
A simple method of purifying materials by dissolving a crystal in a solvent and letting the desired compound precipitate / crystallize out of solution
References
REFERENCES
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